Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601Assessment of Acetamiprid and Chlorpyrifos Residues on Fresh and Dried Pistachio Nuts166801810.22123/PHJ.2018.108287.1002ENAli DiniPistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0002-1856-1629Ali AlizadehDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0002-5274-9334Ezat AlizadehDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.Journal Article20171124<span><span><span><span><span> </span></span></span></span></span>https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68018_3e1b6ebfcbeaf7ede18db546d2ff8cf4.pdfRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601The effects of the topical administration of Pistacia vera oil on the second-degree burn model in rats7116801910.22123/PHJ.2018.115685.1003ENZahra TaghipourPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0002-6670-724XMahsa HassanipourPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,
Rafsanjan, IranBehnaz MohammadianStudent Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranAli KhanjariStudent Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranRaziyeh TaghizadehPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,
Rafsanjan, IranAyat KaeidiPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranAli ShamsizadehPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0001-8329-9156Mohammad AllahtavakoliPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranIman FatemiPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranJournal Article20180120https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68019_ac1a134f8ae86c0803bfcacbcf81bedc.pdfRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601Pistacia atlantica as an inexpensive source of melatonin12166802010.22123/PHJ.2018.120053.1005ENMasoud DerakhshanDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-9002-6444Asma SaljooqiDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-3701-6968Ali MostafaviDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IranTayebeh ShamspurDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IranJournal Article20180319<span><em>Background: </em><span>Melatonin is involved in regulation of circadian rhythm and alleviation of sleep disorders, such as insomnia<br /><span>due to jet lag and shift work, as it plays a major role in synchronization of the sleep/wake cycle<br /><span><em>Materials and methods: </em><span>This study is devoted to extraction and determination of melatonin in <span><em>Pistacia atlantica </em><span>using an<br /><span>ultrasound-assisted solid-liquid extraction (SLE) combined with UV-Vis Spectroscopy. The volume and type of extraction<br /><span>solvent, sonication time, and extraction temperature on the extraction efficiency were optimized.<br /><span><em>Results: </em><span>Under optimum conditions, use of 30 mL of ethanol and 30 min sonication time caused to achieve the limit of<br /><span>detection (LOD) of 0.047 ppm. The method accuracy was confirmed according to the calculation of recovery using standard<br /><span>addition method that, exhibited the successful applicability of the present method for real sample analysis. In addition, the<br /><span>obtained results were compared to those using gas chromatography/Mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). Combination of SLE and<br /><span>UV-Vis leads to greater sensitivity and lower cost for accurate and repeatable extraction of melatonin from <span><em>Pistacia atlantica</em><br /><span>with acceptable recovery and RSD% (1.04%).<br /><span><em>Conclusion: </em><span>Therefore, we efficiently extracted and purified of melatonin from an inexpensive source (<span><em>Pistacia atlantica</em><br /><span>fruit). The extracted melatonin can be replaced synthetic drugs.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68020_98e259e3e98bd3bb40433f0606319b79.pdfRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601The anti-fatigue effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Pistacia vera seeds (pistachios) on male Wistar rats17216802110.22123/PHJ.2018.121282.1006ENFariba KhatamiPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0003-2696-7212Zahra HadadianpourPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranAmir RahnamaPathology Department, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranSoheyla Ebrahimi Vosta Kalaee Ebrahimi Vosta KalaeeDepartment of biology, Faculty of Basic, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranIman FatemiPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IranAli ShamsizadehPhysiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0001-8329-9156Journal Article20180421<span><em>Background: </em><span>Oxidative stress and free radicals play a crucial role in muscle fatigue. <span><em>Pistacia vera </em><span>(<span><em>P. vera</em><span>) contains many<br /><span>antioxidant substances such as coenzyme Q-10, vitamin E and beta-carotene. The current study has been designed to evaluate<br /><span>the effects of <span><em>P. vera </em><span>seeds (pistachios) on skeletal muscle fatigue in male Wistar rats.<br /><span><em>Materials and methods: </em><span>50 Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, including the normal, vehicle and<br /><span>treated groups of pistachio extracts (10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg). Muscle fatigue was induced by treadmills. Animals would run<br /><span>at the speed of 20 m/min on a treadmill until they showed fatigue signs. This protocol was repeated for 10 days. The hydroalcoholic extracts of pistachios were gavaged 30 minutes before the induction of muscle fatigue every day. On the 11<span>th <span>day, rats<br /><span>were sacrificed and biochemical parameters such as creatine phospho-kinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate<br /><span>aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured in the plasma.<br /><span><em>Results: </em><span>The different doses of the pistachio extract led to an increase in the fatigue time on days 2 (100 mg/kg) (p<0.05), 4<br /><span>(10 and 100 mg/kg) (all p<0.05), 5 (10 and 1000 mg/kg) (all p<0.05), 7 (10 and 1000 mg/kg) (all p<0.05) and 9 (100 mg/kg)<br /><span>(p<0.05). The induction of muscle fatigue led to an increase in the serum activity of CPK, LDH and AST (all p<0.01). The<br /><span>pistachio extract (10 and 100 mg/kg) decreased the serum activities of LDH and AST (all p<0.05).<br /><span><em>Conclusion: </em><span>According to the results of this study, it was concluded that pistachios could decrease skeletal muscle fatigue in <span>male Wistar rats.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68021_efd0cd3f659ffeb9ecea7a1dc9a823b7.pdfRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601The Effects of Deficit Irrigation on the Early Splitting of Pistachio Nuts and Aflatoxin Contamination22256802210.22123/PHJ.2018.117155.1004ENNasser SedaghatiAssistant Professor of Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural
Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, IranSeyed Javad HosseinifardAssistant Professor of Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural
Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, IranJournal Article20180316<span><em>Background</em><span>: The cracking of pistachio nuts is the major source of mold contamination as well as pests and aflatoxins.<br /><span><em>Materials and methods</em><span>: The effects of deficit irrigation on pistachio-nut cracking were evaluated at two irrigation intervals<br /><span>(25 days and 45 days) and five omissions of the irrigation time. The frequencies of hull early splitting and cracking were<br /><span>determined in nuts.<br /><span><em>Results</em><span>: All and all, long irrigation intervals and deficit irrigation since late April until early June were critical and<br /><span>increased the early splitting rate (up to 90%) in comparison with regular irrigation. The highest frequencies of the early<br /><span>splitting of pistachios were observed due to the drought stress at early June ranging from 7.7 percent to 9.6 percent. Deficit<br /><span>irrigation in July increased the rate of pistachio hull cracking significantly. The averages of the hull early splitting and<br /><span>cracking formation were by 37 percent and 18.5 percent higher in 45 days of irrigation intervals compared with 25 days,<br /><span>respectively. The contents of B<span>1 <span>and B<span>2 <span>aflatoxins in hull early splitting and cracking were 223.4 µg.kg<span>-1 <span>and 25.47 µg.kg<span>-1<span>,<br /><span>respectively. In hull cracking fruits, aflatoxin B<span>1 <span>and B<span>2 <span>were 111.06 µg.kg<span>-1 <span>and 9.71 µg.kg<span>-1<span>, respectively.<br /><span><em>Conclusion</em><span>: In general, to reduce the risks of aflatoxins in pistachio nuts, it is critical to manage irrigation in April and<br /><span>June.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68022_a1c0b2533ad75f54f108f400ad934988.pdfRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601Antifungal nanoparticles reduce aflatoxin contamination in pistachio26336802310.22123/PHJ.2018.130469.1007ENFatemeh Hassanzadeh DavaraniDepartment of Plant Pathology, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, IranMilad AshrafizadehDepartment of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, IranRoohollah Saberi RisehDepartment of Plant Protection, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, IranElham Ghasemipour AfsharDepartment of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, IranHamid MohammadiDepartment of Horticulture, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, IranSeyed Hamid RazaviDepartment of Entomology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranAli MandegaryDepartment of Toxicology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, IranReza MohammadinejadPharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, Iran0000-0003-3511-9282Journal Article20180512<span>Aflatoxins (AFs) are fungal subsidiary products that are predominantly generated by <span><em>Aspergillus flavus </em><span>and <span><em>Aspergillus</em><br /><span><em>parasiticus </em><span>strains on cereals, nuts, dried fruits and dairy products under warm and humid conditions. Harmful fungi cause<br /><span>spoilage in agricultural crops, and mycotoxins exert harmful effects on humans and livestock. Pistachios (<span><em>Pistachio vera </em><span>L) are<br /><span>from among the most well-known nut trees extremely susceptible to contamination by aflatoxins and the major contributors to<br /><span>dietary aflatoxins. Aflatoxins, in particular aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), are from among the most toxic natural compounds with<br /><span>carcinogenic effects. Besides, exposure to aflatoxins results in several health-related conditions in humans, including acute and<br /><span>chronic aflatoxicosis, immune suppression, liver cancer/cirrhosis, and stunting. Some traditional and novel control strategies<br /><span>have been proposed for the elimination of AF prevalent in food crops. The application of nanoparticles is a newly advanced<br /><span>method where they are used as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer agents. Nanoparticles are<br /><span>most widely used for the molecular detection of pathogens at the early stages of the plant growth and for the control of<br /><span>diseases. In this paper, the utilization and effects of nanomaterials on controlling aflatoxigenic fungi and their toxicity on<br /><span>pistachio nuts have been studied.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68023_db38fb8054a03a066cb29a345f20a472.pdfRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesPistachio and Health Journal2588-55291220180601An evaluation of antifungal and antitoxigenicity effects of Ag/Zn and Ag nanoparticles on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production34436802410.22123/phj.2018.138140.1008ENEbrahim SedaghatiDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0001-8665-1098Saeed MolaeiDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, IranMehdi MolaeiDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan., IranNader DorakiRafsanjan Food Control Laboratory, Rafsanjan, Kerman, IranJournal Article20180512<span><em>Background: Aspergillus parasiticus </em><span>is one of the primary sources of aflatoxin contamination in agricultural crops,<br /><span>especially nuts. Aflatoxin contamination is one of the most challenging problems in the production and exportation of<br /><span>pistachios.<br /><span><em>Materials and Methods: </em><span>In this study, the antifungal effects of the silver-zinc mixture and silver nanoparticles on the<br /><span>mycelia growth, spore germination and aflatoxin production of <span><em>Aspergillus parasiticus </em><span>have been evaluated.<br /><span><em>Results: </em><span>The findings of the current study showed that the concentrations of 1250 ppm of Ag/Zn and 100-200 ppm of Ag<br /><span>nanoparticles inhibit mycelia growth and the spore germination of <span><em>Aspergillus parasiticus </em><span>in liquid and solid media<br /><span>significantly, but the concentration of 25 ppm of both nanoparticles has no inhibitory effects on the <span><em>A. pararsiticus </em><span>growth<br /><span>parameter. The results showed that the rate of inhibitory effects depends on the type of the medium and nanoparticles, but the<br /><span>fungal isolate had no significant effects on nanoparticles’ inhibitory features.<br /><span><em>Conclusions: </em><span>Ag/Zn nanoparticles had no regular effect on the reduction of aflatoxin production, yet Ag nanoparticles<br /><span>reduced the production of aflatoxins, especially aflatoxins B2 and G2.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://phj.rums.ac.ir/article_68024_807c4bfdb2e3ddf0217a63f777262234.pdf