Document Type : Original Article
Subjects
Investigation of resistance of some pistachio cultivars against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica
Mahdi Mohammadi-Moghadam (PhD)1, Seyed Reza Fani (PhD)2*, Mohammad Moradi (PhD)3, Masoumeh Haghdel (MSc)3
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Semnan (Shahrood) Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Shahrood, Iran
2 Plant Protection Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Yazd, Iran
3 Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran
Received: 04.08.2023 Accepted: 21.11.2023
Abstract
Background: Meloidogyne species, also known as root-knot nematodes, are the most economically viable plant parasitic nematodes. The best method for controlling them is to use resistant cultivars. The present study examined the resistance of several pistachio cultivars against M. javanica.
Materials and methods: The seeds of five pistachio cultivars including Kale-Ghouchi, Badami-Sefid, Mumtaz, Kale-Bozi, and Kal-Khandan were obtained from the pistachio-growing regions of Iran. Then these seeds were planted in the part of the orchard that was infested with root-knot nematode in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and at a distance of two meters from each other. By removing the seedlings from the soil a year after planting, the parameters of the gall index and the nematode population in the infected root were measured. The Taylor and Sasser approach was used to assess the evaluation's findings.
Results: The number of galls formed in the root was more than 30 galls and the index was more than 4 in all tested cultivars, therefore all tested pistachio cultivars were sensitive to root-knot nematode. The Badami-Sefid cultivar had the highest amount of gall production in the root with the production of more than 100 galls on the root compared to other cultivars
Conclusion: Considering the sensitivity of commercial cultivars, it is better to use cultural control and phytosanitary methods to prevent root-knot nematode damage. Certified seedlings (free of nematodes), suitable soil texture, and the use of root growth enhancers are recommended.
Mohammadi-Moghadam M, Fani SR, Moradi M, Haghdel M. Investigation of resistance of some pistachio cultivars against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. Pistachio and Health Journal. 2023;6(3-4):43-51.
